| Mar R. Shmuel | Iraq | fl. 730-748 |
| R. Shmuel ben Mar R. Mari | Iraq | fl. 748-755 |
| R. Yehudah ben R. Shmuel Gaon | Iraq | fl. 906-917 |
| R. Shmuel ben Chofni Gaon | Iraq | fl. 997-1013 |
| R. Yisrael ben R. Shmuel ben Chofni Gaon | Iraq | fl. 1017-1034 |
| R. Shmuel haNagid | Spain | 993-1056 |
| back to 6th-11th c. |
| Mar Shmuel b[en] R[eb] Mordechai haZaken | Mainz, Germany | d. 1096 |
| R[eb] Shmuel b[en] R[eb] Naaman | Mainz, Germany | d. 1096 |
| Mar Shmuel b[en] R[eb] Tamar | Mainz, Germany | 1096 |
| Mar Shmuel b[en] R[eb] Yitzchak b[en] R[eb] Shmuel | Mainz, Germany | 1096 |
| Mar Yitzchak b[en] R[eb] Shmuel | Mainz, Germany | 1096 |
| Maras Scolaster [...] bas R[eb] Shmuel haGadol | Mainz, Germany | d. 1096 |
| R[eb] Shmuel Kohen haGabbai | Metz, France | 1096 |
| Mar Shmuel b[en] R[eb] Asher | Neuss, Germany | d. 1096 |
| R[eb] Shmuel haChasan b[en] R[eb] Gedalyah | Neuss, Germany | 1096 |
| Rabbenu Shmuel b[en] R[eb] Yechiel | Neuss, Germany | 1096 |
| R[eb] Shmuel haZaken | Neuss, Germany | 1096 |
| Mar Yechiel b[en] R[eb] Shmuel [son of the above] | Neuss, Germany | 1096 |
| R[eb] Levi b[en] R[eb] Shmuel | Neuss, Germany | 1096 |
| R[eb] Yehudah haLevi ben Rabbenu Shmuel | | 1096 |
| Meir b[en] R[eb] Shmuel | Trier, Germany | 1096 |
| Shmuel | Koln, Germany | d. 1146 |
| R[eb] Shmuel b[en] R[eb] Yitzchak | Worms, Germany | d. 1146 |
| Mar Avraham b[en] R[eb] Shmuel | Germany | d. 1147 |
| Rabbenu Shmuel | France | fl. 1147 |
| R[eb] Shmuel b[en] R[eb] Nasan | Neuss, Germany | d. 1186 |
| R[eb] Shmuel b[en] R[eb] Natronai | Neuss, Germany | d. 1186 |
| R[eb] Shmuel heChazan b[en] R[eb] Kalonymos | Erfurt, Germany | 1221 |
| R[eb] Yosef b[en] R[eb] Shmuel | Erfurt, Germany | 1221 |
| heChaver R[eb] Yosef haBachur b[en] R[eb] Shmuel | Koblenz, Germany | 1265 |
| Shmuel b[en] Rabbi Avraham haLevi | Germany | 13th c. |
| haRav Shmuel ben haRav Yakar haLevi | Pforzheim, Germany | d. 1267 |
| Yakar haLevi heAluv ben R[eb] Shmuel | Germany | 13th c. |
| back to Crusades |