ACADEMY OF SAINT GABRIEL REPORT 2932 http://www.s-gabriel.org/2932 ************************************ 18 May 2005 From: Ursula Whitcher (no address) Greetings from the Academy of Saint Gabriel! You asked about a masculine name suitable for a Turkic nomad living in Central Asia between 1200 and 1350. You were especially interested in a name appropriate for a non-Muslim man. Before we begin, we'd like to apologize for the amount of time this letter has taken. We hope our research will still be useful to you. During your period, many different tribes roamed central Asia. Most of these tribes did not have their own written language. Thus, we must gather information about nomadic peoples from their interaction with more settled groups. Nomads interacted with the settled peoples of the Middle East in two main ways: warfare and trade. One of the most important types of trade was the slave trade: since Islam prohibits the enslavement of Muslims, Turkic peoples who had not converted to Islam were an important source of slaves for the Islamic world in your period. [1] Turkic slaves played a particularly important role in the history of Egypt. In 1250, a group of slaves belonging to an elite military corps rebelled against their masters and took control of the government of Egypt. These former slaves were called the Mamluks. The Mamluks maintained their dominance by importing new slaves to join their military elite. [2] After reaching a certain rank, these slaves would be freed to take their place in the Mamluk government. The Mamluks used given names which were not etymologically Arabic to distinguish themselves from the population they ruled. In particular, many Mamluks used given names which came from Turkic languages. [3] We have compiled a list of etymologically Turkic masculine Mamluk given names. The Mamluks wrote their names in Arabic. We have transliterated our list from Arabic script. In the following list, a period <.> represents a small dot under the preceding letter, which indicates an Arabic emphatic consonant. We've used double vowels, such as , to represent Arabic long vowels. Though we have largely followed English alphabetization conventions, this list places short vowels before long and distinguishes letters which are different in Arabic. For instance, and are different letters, so follows in our list. [4] Aghizluu Alaabughaa Altamur Alt.ibars Alt.unbughaa Anuuk Aqbughaa Aqtamur Aqt.uaq Aquush Arikmaas Ariqt.aay Asanbaay Asanbughaa Asandamur Aydughdii Aydughmish Aydakiin Aydamur Aytmish Baktamur Balabaan Baltaa Barsbughaa Baybujaa Baydamur Biiliik Duqmaaq Ishiqtamur Iyaas Iyaaz Jaqmaq Jaavlii Julbaan Jumaq Juubaan Kaykaldii Kaytamur Kubak Kujuk Kurjii Kuujabaa Kuujarii Khudaa Birdii Khushkaldii Makuurish Mankuutamur Mint.aash Qaraa Arslaan Qaraabughaa Qaraabulaat. Qaraakuz Qaraalaajiin Qaraaqaash Qaraaqujaa Qaraasunqur Qarat.aay Qarsaq Qaanim Qaantamur Qaashiq Qaaymaaz Qaazaan Qijmaas Qilij Qirmish Qujaq Qujaajaq Qulanjiq Qulaq Siiz Qurqmaas Qutluqtamur Qutluubughaa Qutuubak Saksan Sanjar Sarghitmish Savinjbughaa Sunkuu S.andal S.aqalsiz S.at.ilmish S.aarii Tamur S.uus.uun Taghrii Birdii Taghrii Birmish Tamur Tamurbughaa Tankizbughaa Tumaantamur T.ashbughaa T.ashtamur T.aybars T.aybughaa T.aanyariq T.ughjii T.uqtamur T.uqtamish T.uughaan T.uughaan Qiz T.uuluutamur Uqt.aay Urunbughaa Uzbak Uzdamur Yaghmuur Yakhshii Baay [5] Yakrak Yaaruuq We may be able to give you more information about the pronunciation and etymology of a particular name, if you're interested. If you'd like to build a complete Mamluk name, you can find more information about Mamluk name structures in Report 2901: http://www.s-gabriel.org/2901 We hope this letter has been useful to you. If any part of it is unclear, or if you have further questions, please don't hesitate to write to us again. We'd be glad to give you more information about a particular name. Sion Andreas, Arval Benicoeur, Aryanhwy merch Catmael, Talan Gwynek, Anahita al Qurtubiyya, Gunnvor Silfraharr, Giudo di Niccolo Brunelleschi, Juliana de Luna, Katherine Throckmorton, and Juetta Copin assisted in researching and writing this letter. For the Academy, Ursula Georges 18 May 2005 References: [1] Bernard Lewis, _Race and Slavery in the Middle East_, (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1990), p. 9. [2] Marshall G.S. Hodgson, _The Venture of Islam_, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1974, vol. II, pp. 417-418. [3] David Ayalon, "Names, Titles, and 'nisbas' of the Mamluuks," in _The Mamluuk Military Society_ (London: Variorum Reprints, 1979). [4] J. Sauvaget, "Noms et Surnoms de Mamelouks" in _Journal Asiatique_ 238 (1950), 31-58. Sion Andreas transliterated the names from Arabic. [5] may be an Arabic rendering of the Turkish title .